APPENDIX 1A   |  APPENDIX 1B   |  APPENDIX 2A   |  APPENDIX 2B   |  APPENDIX 3   | 

 APPENDIX 4   |  APPENDIX 5   |  APPENDIX 6   |  APPENDIX 7   |  APPENDIX 8 | 

APPENDIX 1

APPENDIX 1B:  Exploratory Univariates

The following are variates explored (post hoc) in addition to the original group of 97 variates (see Reference 1) selected for multivariable analyses.

1.  Covariates for all variables of Table 1.

1. Male sex
2. African American, American Indian, or Hispanic ethnicity
3. Education: some college or above
4. Surgery: urgent or emergency status
5. History of diabetes mellitus
6. History of insulin-dependent diabetes
7. History of hypertension
8. History of angina
9. History of congestive heart failure
10. History of myocardial infarction
11. History of heart block
12. History of carotid disease
13. History of stroke
14. History of liver disease
15. History of renal disease
16. History of pulmonary disease
17. Ejection fraction ≤  44%
18. Admission Creatinine > 1.3 mg/dl
19. History of CABG
20. History of valve disease
21. History of valve surgery
22. History of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
23. History of aortic vascular surgery
24. History of intracoronary stent
25. History of coronary atherectomy
26. History of noncoronary angioplasty or stent
27. Current CABG and valve surgery
28. Current CABG and other surgery

2.  Covariates for long-term mortality using five independent risk indices.

Cleveland Clinic score 31, 32

1. Emergency case
2. Serum creatinine (< 140 μmol/L; ≥  140 and ≤  167 μmol/L; ≥  168 μmol/L)
3. Severe LV dysfunction
4. Reoperation
5. Operative mitral valve insufficiency
6. Age per decade (< 65y; ≥  65 and ≤  74 y; ≥  75 y)
   
7. Prior vascular surgery
8. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, on medication
9. Anemia (hematocrit ≤ 0.34)

STS (Society of Thoracic Surgeons)33, 34

1. Time on CPB > 120 minutes
2. All vein grafts (current surgery)
3. Cerebrovascular disease (History/Pre-operation)
4. Age (per 10 years)
5. Redo surgery
6. Congestive heart failure (History/Pre-operation)
7. Pre-operative renal failure

Additive EuroSCORE and Logistic EuroSCORE 35, 36

1. Age
2. Sex
3. Chronic pulmonary disease
4. Extracardiac arteriopathy
5. Neurological dysfunction
6. Previous cardiac surgery
7. Serum creatinine > 200 μmol/L preoperatively
8. Active endocarditis
9. Critical preoperative state
10. Unstable angina
11. LV dysfunction
12. Recent myocardial infarction
13. Pulmonary hypertension
14. Emergency surgery
15. Other than isolated CABG
16. Surgery on thoracic aorta
17. Post infarct septal rupture

Veterans Administration 37, 38

1. Age (per 10 years)
2. Male sex
3. Body surface area
4. Partially or totally dependent functional status
5. Peripheral vascular disease
6. Cerebrovascular disease (History/Pre-operation)
7. Current smoker
8. Serum creatinine level ≥  1.5 mg/dL
9. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
10. History of diabetes mellitus
11. Prior heart surgery
12. Preoperative intra-aortic balloon pump
13. Urgent and emergent surgical priority
14. Prior myocardial infarction
15. Canadian Cardiovascular Society angina class III or IV
16. Intravenous nitroglycerin ≤  48 hours before surgery
17. PTCA 0 – 72 hours before surgery
18. Preoperative ST-segment depression on electrocardiogram
19. New York Heart Association functional class III or IV
20. Number of stenotic coronary arteries ≥  2
21. Left main coronary artery stenosis ≥  50%
22. Left ventricular ejection fraction ≤  0.54

3.  Covariates for combined and individual in-hospital outcomes.

1. Cardiovascular outcome: myocardial infarction or congestive heart failure
2. Myocardial infarction
3. Congestive heart failure
4. Cerebrovascular outcome: stroke or encephalopathy
5. Stroke
6. Encephalopathy
7. Renal outcome: dysfunction or failure (dialysis)
8. Renal dysfunction
9. Renal failure (dialysis)
10. Composite in-hospital events: cardiovascular or cerebrovascular, or renal outcome