APPENDIX 1A   |  APPENDIX 1B   |  APPENDIX 2A   |  APPENDIX 2B   |  APPENDIX 3   | 

 APPENDIX 4   |  APPENDIX 5   |  APPENDIX 6   |  APPENDIX 7   |  APPENDIX 8 | 

APPENDIX 2         

APPENDIX 2B:  Exploratory Propensity Covariates (see Reference 1)

The following are the additional propensity covariates explored (post hoc).  (The analyses using the expanded list of propensity covariates confirmed the primary findings .)

1.  Covariates for all variables of Table 1.

1. Male sex
2. African American, American Indian, or Hispanic ethnicity
3. Education: some college or above
4. Surgery: urgent or emergency status
5. History of diabetes mellitus
6. History of insulin-dependent diabetes
7. History of hypertension
8. History of angina
9. History of congestive heart failure
10. History of myocardial infarction
11. History of heart block
12. History of carotid disease
13. History of stroke
14. History of liver disease
15. History of renal disease
16. History of pulmonary disease
17. Ejection fraction ≤  44%
18. Creatinine > 1.3 mg/dl on admission
19. History of CABG
20. History of valve disease
21. History of valve surgery
22. History of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
23. History of aortic vascular surgery
24. History of intracoronary stent
25. History of coronary atherectomy
26. History of noncoronary angioplasty or stent
27. Current CABG and valve surgery
28. Current CABG and other surgery

2.  Covariates for long-term mortality using five independent risk indices (see Appendix 1B).

1. Cleveland Clinic score 31, 32
2. STS (Society of Thoracic Surgeons 33, 34
3. Additive EuroSCORE 35
4. Logistic EuroSCORE 36
5. Veterans Administration 37, 38